Preschool
- high activity levels
- protruding abdomen characteristic of toddlers disappears as legs and body trunk grow longer -> centre of gravity become lower, increase control
- enjoy physical activity, jumping, skipping etc
- need rest periods,... naps
- motor activites: large muscles more developed than fine muscles in hands
fine motor coordination, small puzzle, colouring tie shoelace- difficult
-> choose thick crayons, wide handle brush, big puzzles - visual focus: difficult focus on small objects-> choose large print
Primary Grades
- 6-9 years old
- need rest periods, sitting still for long periods (20-60mins) is difficult
- large muscles better developed than fine muscles
- may have difficulty adjusting eye focus between near and far objects
- vigorous and accident prone
- increased fidgeting (fingernail biting, hand tapping)
- need to learn social behaviour, variety of activities, eg half reading, half colouring
- allow for physical activity
- visual problems: shape of lens shallow, difficult adjust focus
Elementary Grades
- age 9-12
- fine motor skills fully developed, therefore arts, craft, music are popular, utilise newly acquired skills
- sex difference in growth: girls- growth spurt at 11, boys- growth spurt at 13
- onset of puberty: girls- 9-16 (averaging 12,13) boys- 11-18 (averaging 14)
Junior High
- Puberty: appearance of secondary sex characteristics
- Maturation differences: some students benefit from early maturation (independent and self confident), while some find it a dificult problem to handle.
Secondary Grades
- age 16-18
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